What is KPV?
KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) is a tripeptide fragment derived from alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH). Despite being just three amino acids, KPV retains significant anti-inflammatory activity from the parent hormone without the melanogenic (tanning) effects.
KPV has attracted research interest for inflammatory conditions, particularly in the gastrointestinal system.
Origin
KPV represents the C-terminal tripeptide of α-MSH:
- α-MSH: 13 amino acids
- KPV: Last 3 amino acids (11-13)
- Retains anti-inflammatory activity
- Lacks melanin-stimulating effect
Mechanism of Action
Anti-Inflammatory Effects
KPV works through:
- NF-κB pathway inhibition
- Cytokine reduction (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α)
- Reduced inflammatory cell activation
- Gut barrier support
- Immune modulation
Research Applications
GI Inflammation
Primary research focus:
- Inflammatory bowel disease models
- Colitis research
- Gut barrier function
- Intestinal healing
Other Applications
- Skin inflammation
- General anti-inflammatory
- Wound healing support
Administration
Studied via:
- Oral (protected formulations)
- Injection
- Topical
- Intranasal
Summary
KPV offers targeted anti-inflammatory effects from α-MSH without melanogenic activity, making it valuable for inflammation research.
Key Points:
- Classification: Anti-inflammatory tripeptide
- Origin: α-MSH C-terminal fragment
- Mechanism: NF-κB inhibition
- Focus: GI inflammation, IBD research